Auxiliary languages

Novial was developed by Otto Jespersen and first published in 1928. It has undergone a few revisions, including the current Novial98 project.

• Novial e li Novialides
• The Novial 98 homepage
• The main Novial homepage, with various links; written in Novial30, but not too hard to understand.
• Novial spelling and pronunciation
• Quoted sections of An International Language (the basis for Novial28)
• Jim Chandler's Novial page
• Bruce Gilson's Novial 1928 page
• Grammar of Novial 1930
• A Novial-English dictionary (based on Novial30)
• The Novial Lexike--the dictionary of Novial30 (not yet complete)
• Samples of Novial
• The Novial 98 dictionary (not yet complete)
• Comparative texts between Ido and Novial

Esperanto was developed by Ludovik ZAMENHOF, and published around 1887. It is probably the most widely known constructed language, claiming somewhere from 50 000 to 2 000 000 speakers.

• An Esperanto meta-index.
• Edmund Grimley-Evans has links to Eo dictionaries.
• Angla - Esperanta
• Esperanta - Angla
• A very good Esperanto book
• Riisma Esperanto is one reform proposed to make E-o less sexist.
• La nombro de Esperantistoj
• Don Harlow has some neat articles and sort of a tutorial on Esperanto.
• The Universala Esperanto Asocio is an international association of Esperanto speakers.
• An FTP archive of Esperanto and other things
• Esperanta Gramatiko
• Polskie Radio (Radio Poland) has RealAudio internet broadcasts in Esperanto.
• Esperanto unue: why learn Esperanto?

Ido was itself a reform of Esperanto, developed around 1907 by Louis Couturat and others. It mostly died down after a few years, but may be making a comeback.

• An Ido page with a few links to essays about usage and utility.
• The Ido homepage
• History of the language ( version)

Interlingua was developed in the 1950s by the IALA. It tries for a more "naturalistic" feel, and thus looks much like a Romance language.

• The Interlingua homepage
• An older, but more useful Interlingua page
• An English-Interlingua dictionary

Occidental (aka "Interlingue") was a very naturalistic auxlang developed by Edgar de Wahl in the mid-1920s. It was contemporary with Novial, and showed many similar features (and indeed later Novial displayed many reforms to bring it closer to Occidental). When Interlingua was invented, almost all Occidentalists appear to have gone over to it.

Lingua Franca was the IAL to know in the Mediterranean, lasting from the Middle Ages until the nineteenth century.

Eurolang is a modern IAL designed by Phil Hunt.

Glosa was created by Ron Clark and Wendy Ashby, based on Hogben's Interglossa, based on Latin and Greek; it is highly isolating.

Volapük was the first IAL to achieve any real success; it was invented in 1879 by Joseph Schleyer and revised in 1931 by Arie de Jong. It is highly inflected, and while word roots were pulled from natlangs, they were usually modified so much as to be unrecognizable.

Dutton Speedwords (aka "Rap Lin Rie") were designed in the 1950s as a sort of shorthand written language appropriate to multiple spoken languages.

• Another Rap Lin Rie link

Folkspraak was a collaboratively designed inter-Germanic auxlang; it seems to be dormant since mid-1996.

Frater 2, by Paul Bartlett, based on Frater, which was developed in Vietnam in 1957.

Big Six (formerly "P", "Pig") is a conIAL by Danny Wier based on the six most spoken languages: Mandarin, Hindi, Spanish, English, Russian, and Arabic.

Latin sine Flexione is Giuseppe Peano's attempt; he took the vocabulary of Latin and removed the inflexion, leaving the part-of-speech marking and tense marking and such, but removing agreement, thus eliminating all those nasty declension and conjugation tables.

Tok Pisin is a pidgin on the border of being a creole which a few members of the AUXLANG list think would make a very good IAL.

Lingua Franca Nova is by George Boeree, based primarily on the Romance languages (apparently very heavily on Italian and Spanish).

Poliespo is (supposedly) a combination of Cherokee and Esperanto. Totally bizarre. Perhaps this should be on the conlang page.

Alternate spellings of English

Fanetiks